Primary 3 - Math
Chapter 2: Multiplication, Division & Operations
Division in Focus: Equal Sharing, Terms of Division & Inverse Relationship
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Division is the wonderful opposite of multiplication! In this essential lesson, we discover that dividing means sharing a total amount equally among groups. We identify the three core terms of division: the dividend, divisor, and quotient. We also explore four-member fact families linking multiplication and division together.
➗ The Structure of a Division Equation
Division: Distributing a total quantity into equal sets:
24 ÷ 6 = 4
- Dividend (24): Total amount being divided.
- Division Sign (÷): Indicates equal partition.
- Divisor (6): Number of equal groups (or items per group).
- Quotient (4): Resulting answer (share per group).
🔄 Fact Families (Inverse Operations)
| Multiplication Fact 1 | Multiplication Fact 2 | Division Fact 1 | Division Fact 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3 × 7 = 21 | 7 × 3 = 21 | 21 ÷ 7 = 3 | 21 ÷ 3 = 7 |
| 5 × 8 = 40 | 8 × 5 = 40 | 40 ÷ 8 = 5 | 40 ÷ 5 = 8 |
| 6 × 9 = 54 | 9 × 6 = 54 | 54 ÷ 9 = 6 | 54 ÷ 6 = 9 |
Division & Fact Family Drills
Solution: 20 ÷ 5 = 4 notebooks (since 4 × 5 = 20).
Answer: 36 ÷ 6 = 6 (since 6 × 6 = 36).
Fact Family:
• 4 × 9 = 36
• 9 × 4 = 36
• 36 ÷ 9 = 4
• 36 ÷ 4 = 9
• 4 × 9 = 36
• 9 × 4 = 36
• 36 ÷ 9 = 4
• 36 ÷ 4 = 9
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division
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عملية القسمة الحسابية
📖 Def: splitting into equal parts or groups
dividend
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المقسوم والعدد الكلي
📖 Def: number that is to be divided
divisor
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المقسوم عليه
📖 Def: number by which dividend is divided
quotient
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خارج وناتج القسمة
📖 Def: result obtained by dividing one quantity by another
fact family
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عائلة الحقائق المترابطة
📖 Def: group of math facts using same numbers
inverse operation
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عملية عكسية
📖 Def: operation that reverses the effect of another
equal sharing
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توزيع عادل بالتساوي
📖 Def: dividing items so every group receives equal count
remainder
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الباقي في القسمة
📖 Def: amount left over after division
verify
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يتحقق من صحة القسمة بالضرب
📖 Def: check truth or accuracy of calculation
partition
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تقسيم وتجزئة المجموعات
📖 Def: divide into parts
identity division
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قسمة العدد على 1
📖 Def: any number divided by 1 is itself
zero dividend
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قسمة الصفر على أي عدد
📖 Def: zero divided by any non-zero number is zero
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